Furthermore, for research dependent on graduate student assistance, clear procedures and protocols are needed to determine the priority level of continuing on campus research projects (Coyne et al. In higher education, different processes are needed to support tenured, junior, and adjunct faculty. School improvements might include critical examination of race, racism, equity, and inclusion and accommodations for impacted students (Coyne et al. Additional resources may include consultation and communication systems and improved technology to prioritize online sessions and reduce burnout and screen fatigue (Coyne et al. Schools need resiliency to handle an online transition and processes to suppress virus transmission (De Giusti 2020). Higher education’s typical leadership preferences undermined speedy and effective decision making (Coyne et al. The initial transition from in-person to online instruction varied widely across and within different education levels. Maintaining mental health became important as pandemic driven stress, anxiety, and depression increased (Lakhan et al.
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In addition to developing digital competence, successful online learning included active engagement, hope, and community (Coyne et al. With on-campus spaces no longer available, campus-based student resources needed reviewing and replacement. Struggling and marginalized students needed additional digital resources (Molea and Năstasă 2020). This included fewer class sessions and advocating for synchronous and asynchronous contact.
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2020) and evaluation processes (Nordmann et al.
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Recognizing that various factors have an impact on students, institutions of higher education made changes to schoolwork structures (Johnson et al. 2020) and identify students’ expectations (Loda et al. Educational programs that surveyed students were better able than were programs that did not survey students to align changes in teaching methods with students’ learning (Coyne et al.